Type 2 diabetes
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Also known as: type 2 diabetes mellitusContent medically reviewed byDr. Karthikeya T MMD, Internal MedicineView full profile onLinkedInWhat is Type 2 diabetes?Treatment optionsNutritional adviceHow is this diagnosed?SymptomsSymptomsIf you are experiencing new, severe, or persistent symptoms, contact a health care provider.Symptoms for type 2 diabetes usually develop slowly and many times asymptomatic. Common major symptoms are:Frequent urinationIncreased thirstFatigue, tirednessSudden weight lossItching around the genitalsSlow healing cuts or woundsBlurred vision Frequent urination Increased thirst Fatigue, tiredness Sudden weight loss Itching around the genitals Slow healing cuts or wounds Blurred vision Type 2 diabetes can occur when the body becomes resistant to insulin. Cells are not able to absorb glucose and convert it into energy as a result of this resistance. Excess abdominal fat is a major cause, in addition to genetics and lifestyle. The risk factors include: Obesity Sedentary lifestyle Family history Age - people above the age of 45 years are at higher risk Prediabetes Gestational diabetes Polycystic ovarian syndrome Prevention is possible by maintaining healthy habits. Healthy diet: fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. These are low-fat, high-fiber foods. You should also reduce sweets, refined carbohydrates, and animal products. Low-glycemic index foods (foods that keep blood sugar more stable) are also for those with type 2 diabetes. Exercise: walking, swimming, sports, other physical activities It is seen more effective to alternate exercise than sticking to one. Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Non-ketotic Syndrome: This condition causes abnormally high level of blood glucose which is a medical emergency and can cause death. Diabetes is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. This causes blood vessels to become clogged. Microvascular complications affects eyes, kidneys and nerves. Macrovascular complication affects heart, brain and blood vessels. Kidney failure, stroke, heart disease, blindness, blood vessel blockages due to cholesterol plaques (requiring angioplasty/stent placement, amputations, or bypass operations) are all common complications.
Frequent urination
Increased thirst
Fatigue, tiredness
Sudden weight loss
Itching around the genitals
Slow healing cuts or wounds
Blurred vision
Type 2 diabetes can occur when the body becomes resistant to insulin. Cells are not able to absorb glucose and convert it into energy as a result of this resistance.
Excess abdominal fat is a major cause, in addition to genetics and lifestyle.
The risk factors include:
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Family history
Age - people above the age of 45 years are at higher risk
Prediabetes
Gestational diabetes
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
Prevention is possible by maintaining healthy habits.
Healthy diet: fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. These are low-fat, high-fiber foods. You should also reduce sweets, refined carbohydrates, and animal products. Low-glycemic index foods (foods that keep blood sugar more stable) are also for those with type 2 diabetes.
Exercise: walking, swimming, sports, other physical activities
It is seen more effective to alternate exercise than sticking to one.
Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Non-ketotic Syndrome: This condition causes abnormally high level of blood glucose which is a medical emergency and can cause death.
Diabetes is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis. This causes blood vessels to become clogged.
Microvascular complications affects eyes, kidneys and nerves.
Macrovascular complication affects heart, brain and blood vessels.
Kidney failure, stroke, heart disease, blindness, blood vessel blockages due to cholesterol plaques (requiring angioplasty/stent placement, amputations, or bypass operations) are all common complications.
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